Through this analysis, we identify three understudied proteins—Tagln2, Slc25a3, and Pafah1b3—that may contribute to the differential sensitivity of Wistar Han rats and C57BL/6 mice to STZ-icv and may play a role in the development and progression of Alzheimer’s disease. Here, PAFAH1B3 is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.