In particular, genes such as BRAF, EIF1 AX, FOXE1, KRAS, PDGFRA, PIK3 CA, PTEN, and TERT have been implicated in both thyroid cancer and autoimmune conditions like HT, where dysregulation of these genes can contribute to chronic inflammation and subsequent tumorigenesis. The gene discussed is PTEN; the disease is thyroid gland carcinoma.