PTEN loss can activate PI3K signaling, and the study found that PI3K inhibitors and anti‐PD‐1 treatments can reverse H3K18 lactylation and PD‐1‐mediated immune suppression in tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs), thereby controlling prostate cancer growth in conjunction with androgen deprivation therapy [105]. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and prostate cancer.