TNF and graft versus host disease: Further enrichment of the 892 shared genes against the hallmark gene set revealed that the top 5 enriched pathways were the IFN-γ response, TNF-α signaling via NF-κb, heme metabolism, IL2/STAT5 signaling, and allograft rejection, revealing the predominant target pathways of MSCs in treating GVHD across all lobes.