CCR6 and cancer: Alistipes may have protective effects against cancer immunotherapy; however, other studies have indicated negative effects of Alistipes, as Bacteroidetes members have been commonly associated with chronic intestinal inflammation.9 A potential contribution to immune changes with anti-PD1 therapy is that inflammation may be caused via the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in Alistipes, which results in an increase in the abundance of Th17 cells expressing CD161 and CCR6/integrin Beta7.