GFAP and memory impairment: Another anti-inflammatory compound, resveratrol, effectively improved LPS-induced spatial and working memory impairment, reduced hippocampal glial density and neuronal loss in LPS-injected mice, and inhibited LPS-induced upregulation of NF-κB, IL-6, IL-1β, and GFAP in the hippocampus of mice [31, , -34].