Conversely, in autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA), NET-activated dendritic cells (DCs) facilitate T helper 1 (Th1) polarization, while NET-derived histones directly engage TLR2 on T cells, biasing differentiation toward the Th17 lineage, particularly in periodontitis [52, 94–97]. The gene discussed is TLR2; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.