In metabolic disorders such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and sepsis, NETs promote oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and cholesterol metabolism in naïve CD4+ T cells, thereby driving the differentiation of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) through TLR4 signaling [90–93]. The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.