H2S can upregulate SIRT1 expression, reduce ROS, and inhibit apoptosis, thus protecting renal cells from further DKD-related damage.333 Moreover, H2S can lower blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive diabetic rats, alleviate renal dysfunction, and inhibit the progression of early DKD.334 Thus, sulfides exhibit a mitigating effect on diabetes and its complications, offering new insights for the prevention and treatment of these conditions (Fig. 4). This evidence concerns the gene SIRT1 and diabetic kidney disease.