To evaluate pharmacodynamic response, we used immunofluorescence microscopy to measure the levels of TOP1 (Supplementary Figure S4), TOP1cc (Supplementary Figure S5), RAD51, pNBS1, γH2AX, and pKAP1 (Supplementary Figure S6) in paired pre-treatment and on-treatment tumor biopsies (C1D2, 2–4 h after dosing) from 6 patients receiving LMP744 at the MTD. This evidence concerns the gene TOP1 and neoplasm.