60 Similarly, a single-centre paediatric study identified two de novo pathogenic variants in the PRDM16 gene, which were associated with childhood LVNC.70 A large-scale assessment of the genetic architecture of LVNC, performed in 6 different study cohorts, reported both known31,67 and de novo PRDM16 variants and found that, unlike mutations in most genes, including those encoding sarcomeric proteins, PRDM16 variants exclusively associated with LVNC but not HCM and DCM.66 This evidence concerns the gene PRDM16 and familial dilated cardiomyopathy.