Chen et al. (2013) performed an integrative RNA-Seq analysis on HCC tissue specimens and identified an ATIRE event involved in HCC progression. They also revealed that ADAR1-mediated antizyme inhibitor 1 (AZIN1) RNA editing was associated with tumor initiation and development in HCC. Another genome-wide study of human RNA editing reported that RNA editing of bladder cancer-associated protein (BLCAP) might promote HCC cell proliferation through activating the AKT/mTOR signal pathway (Hu et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene AZIN1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.