The molecular mechanisms underlying these effects include: 1) Regulation of the EGFR/RhoA Signaling Pathway: Atorvastatin induces G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in colorectal cancer cells, activates apoptosis-related proteins, suppresses inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), and downregulates the EGFR/RhoA signaling pathway, thereby exerting anticancer effects (Wu et al., 2017). Here, TNF is linked to colorectal cancer.