PRNP and infection: Although there is widespread belief that misfolded PrP amyloid is infectious without any nucleic acid [51], infection by recombinant PrP amyloid (“the gold standard of proof”) has not been reproducible, and 20,000 recombinant PrP (recPrP) experiments showed no infection by validated assays, e.g., [52–54], A recent review of an additional 22 recPrP infectivity reports from other laboratories [13] shows the majority failed to produce infection from misfolded recPrP although they did show brain PrP aggregates and PrP “abnormalities” that were not transmissible.