VCP and hereditary disease: Within this network, 39 hub genes were identified, including WDR60, IFT88, IFT122, IFT140, IFT172, WDR35, IFT81, DYNLL2, DYNC2H1, DYNC2LI1, WDR19, IFT80, IFT22, IFT27, KIF3B, VCP, IFT74, BBS1, BBS2, BBS4, TTC26, IFT57, BBS5, BBS9, OFD1, TTC21B, IFT46, CEP290, CLUAP1, HSPA8, TRAF3IP1, DNAI2, CCDC65, CCT3, RSPH3, SPAG6, ACTB, CLTC, and DYNC1H1. To further investigate the function of these hub genes, their relationships with ciliopathies were explored using DisGeNET, a tool for analyzing genetic disease networks (Piñero et al., 2017).