TRA16-positive cancer cells exhibited increased outgoing signaling via COMPLEMENT, VEGF, EPHA, PARs, GDF, BRADYKININ, BAG, MHC-I, OCLN, and CDH pathways, while receiving more incoming signaling through MK, THBS, GDF, LIGHT, OCLN, CDH, and NRG pathways. This evidence concerns the gene THBS1 and cancer.