VEGFA and neoplasm: Therefore, this study selected three NSCLC cell lines, namely, the A549 (LUAD), NCL-H226 (LUSC), and NCL-H460 (large cell lung carcinoma) cell lines, to evaluate the anti-NSCLC effects of harmine derivative B-9-3 and investigate its roles in blocking angiogenesis and proliferation while promoting apoptosis in tumor cells, and thereby elucidate the molecular mechanism by which B-9-3 regulates the VEGFA/PI3K/AKT pathway in NSCLC.