PTEN and neoplasm: In tumor cells, pterostilbene induces autophagy and modulates metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1)/hypoxia-inducible factor 1 α (HIF1α) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/Akt pathways (involved in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and cell growth, respectively), microRNAs (miRNAs), endoplasmic reticulum stress (a limiting factor in tumor development), and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (involved in cell invasion) [9].