The development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) is closely linked to inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α, interleukins (ILs), synovial fibroblasts (fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS)), macrophages, and ROS produced by activated polymorphonuclear leukocytes [63]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.