TGFB1 and cancer: These included cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction; pathways in cancer; MAPK signaling; regulation of stem cell pluripotency; TGF-β signaling; breast cancer; Ras signaling; IL-17 signaling; PD-L1 expression and PD-1 checkpoint in cancer; proteoglycans in cancer; Wnt signaling; gastric cancer; and viral protein interaction with cytokines and cytokine receptors.