This molecule works in cohort with other key mediators of angiogenesis, such as VEGF, TGFα, TGFβ, FGF, matrix metalloproteinases, interlukin-1 (IL-1), and TNFα; future studies would therefore be recommended to investigate the effects of combined treatments of cells with the drugs on the expressions of these angiogenic molecules in cancer therapy. The gene discussed is TGFA; the disease is cancer.