MRC1 and urinary bladder carcinoma: Also, although the present study does not directly examine the functional role of oligomannoses in bladder cancer, prior research demonstrates that these structures can be recognized by innate immune receptors such as mannose-binding lectins (e.g., DC-SIGN and the macrophage mannose receptor) [57,58,59], raising the possibility that oligomannosylation modulates tumor–immune interactions, either enhancing immunosurveillance or promoting immune evasion, depending on the context.