NFATC1 and melanoma: While our study shows that GCNT2/I-branching impairs extracellular Gal-3 binding and signaling, our previous work suggests that intracellular Gal-3 exerts opposing effects by modulating transcriptional programs to suppress melanoma metastasis, such as downregulating nuclear factor of activated T-cells 1 (NFAT1) [37].