We found that the differential methylation regions overlapped with the binding sites of several key transcription factors involved in lung cancer initiation and progression such as Etv5 and Xbp1, as well as factors regulating transcriptional repression and chromatin remodeling, including Kmt2b, Kmt2d, Mbd2, and Tet1 (Figure 3D). Here, XBP1 is linked to lung cancer.