PPARGC1A and Insulin resistance: Moreover, Metrnβ improves systemic glucose homeostasis of mice by stimulating thermogenic genes peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) and UCPs [2,31], activating WNT/β-Catenin to preserve β-cell function [32], and alleviating insulin resistance through AMPK/PPAR-mediated fatty acid oxidation and anti-inflammatory effects [6,8].