PLOD1 and thyroid gland disorder: Bahreiny et al. [85] indicated that subclinical hyperthyroidism (SCH), i.e., a mild thyroid disorder characterized by low serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels while normal thyroid hormone levels remain within the normal range, has a negative influence on the levels of reproductive hormones and semen quality, with decreased LH levels, elevated FSH levels, and decreased TSH levels, among others.