ACE and myocardial ischemia: In the final model, with further adjustments for the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), ARBs, sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), and statins, baseline PTH levels ≥166 ng/L and age ≥65 years were significantly associated with an elevated risk of IHD, while statin use emerged as a protective factor against IHD in patients with CKD stage 3–5ND (Table 2, Figure 2).