The kisspeptin system plays a critical role in the gonadal axis and has been strongly implicated in numerous causes of infertility, including among others idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (iHH), hyperprolactinemia, primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) [3,4,5,14,29]. This evidence concerns the gene KISS1 and polycystic ovary syndrome.