For instance, the ARCADIA trial [104] enrolled patients aged ≥45 years with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) and AtCM, as defined by the presence of at least one of the following: P-wave terminal force > 5000 μV·ms in ECG lead V1, NT-proBNP > 250 pg/mL, or an indexed left atrial diameter ≥ 3 cm/m2 on echocardiography. Here, NPPB is linked to stroke disorder.