The PCa patients were clustered into two groups according to the profiles of twelve cytokines: IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, IL-17A, IL-12p70, MCP-1 (CCL2), MIP-1α (CCL3), MIP-1β (CCL4), TNF-α, and IFN-γ. Here, TNF is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.