Specifically, TNF-α mediates increased CXCL1 expression in CML BMSCs through signal transduction pathways, interacting with highly expressed CXCR2 in LSCs, thereby inducing a CXCR2 selection-dependent mechanism leading to the unlimited expansion of LSCs and leukemia progenitor cells. Here, CXCL1 is linked to chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.