Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which are mostly extracellular receptors of innate immunity, participate in the regulation of TNF production by macrophages, which play an important role in the immune response in TB infection: in TLR2- and TLR4-deficient mice, the infection proceeds more severely, and death occurs faster due to the absence of TNF secretion by macrophages [150]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and infection.