THBS1, a multifunctional extracellular matrix protein, promotes myocardial fibrosis by activating TGF-β signalling and reducing microvessel density, and exacerbates myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting angiogenesis, e.g., by blocking VEGF and NO signalling [37]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and Myocardial fibrosis.