IDH1 and chondrosarcoma: Potential strategies to improve survival with CS include the use of chemotherapeutic agents that target signaling pathways that have roles in chondrosarcoma malignant behavior, such as the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway and angiogenesis [10] [11], in addition to genomic mutations of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) IDH1/2, exostosin-1/2 (EXT1/2), COL2A1, TP53, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A/B (CDKN2A/B) [4,10,12].