IFNA1 and neoplasm: Nevertheless, it must be acknowledged that certain immunotherapies were already being given to some patients with limited success: those who did not respond to the standard care of treatments; for example, high-dose interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN) therapies [7,8,9,10,11], T cell transfer of tumor-infiltrating T cell (TIL) clones expanded ex vivo, or even autologous T cells genetically modified to express recombinant T cell receptors (TCRs) specific for well-known tumor-associated antigens [12,13,14,15].