Active, ongoing trials are assessing the efficacy and safety of cetuximab in combination with an anti-PD-L1 inhibitor avelumab in advanced HNC (NCT03494322; phase II [70]), or both drugs administered after three cycles of platinum and taxane-based chemotherapy in patients with R/M-HNSCC (NCT06869473). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.