S100A9 and keratoconus: Results: Machine learning models, including XGBoost, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, and SVM, identified a set of important feature genes associated with keratoconus, with 15 notable genes appearing across multiple models, such as IL1R1, JUN, CYBB, CXCR4, KRT13, KRT14, S100A8, S100A9, and others.