Paired NK cell receptors play important roles in immunity against CMV infection, as evident by the opposing roles of the inhibitory NKG2A and activating NKG2C receptors in the recognition of the leader peptide from viral protein UL40 presented in complex with HLA‐E (HLA‐E:pUL40) [20, 22]. This evidence concerns the gene HLA-E and cytomegalovirus infection.