Consistent with our findings suggesting a role for soft matrix in local immunosuppression, previous research has shown that especially in the breast tumor lung metastasis, the microenvironment in the invasive front is more immunosuppressed than the primary tumor, as indicated by enhanced expression of IL-10 and TGF−β, as well as enrichment of M2 macrophages61. Here, TGFB1 is linked to neoplasm.