Subcutaneous coimplantation experiments further confirmed that, compared with the control group (Vector-LOXL2.HPSCs+MIA PaCa-2 group), the LOXL2-OE group (OE-LOXL2.HPSCs+MIA PaCa-2 group) exhibited significant tumor-promoting effects (Fig. 4F–H), with tumors displaying greater linear ECM alignment (Fig. 4I–K). This evidence concerns the gene LOXL2 and neoplasm.