Furthermore, given that Th17 cells play an important role in various human autoimmune diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (8, 54), arthritis (55), type I diabetes (56), and graft-versus-host disease (57), this DHHC7- and APT2-controlled S-palmitoylation–depalmitoylation cycle may provide new therapeutic strategies for various human autoimmune diseases. The gene discussed is LYPLA2; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.