Consequently, under starvation, autophagy is directly upregulated through phosphorylation of unc-51-like kinase 1 (Ulk1) from upstream sensors mTOR and AMPK [79], and either increases mitochondrial oxidative metabolism or complements glycolysis by providing raw material after digesting complex proteins and lipids in tumor cells experiencing metabolic stress, depending on their type [67,80]. The gene discussed is ULK1; the disease is neoplasm.