CXCL12 and cancer: Figure 2 shows the interaction between TAMs and cancer cells. Lung cancer, osteosarcoma, and breast cancer are associated with producing IL-17, IL-34, and CSF-2, three other notable tumor-released cytokines that increase TAM recruitment [103,104]. Not only do cytokines play a crucial role in TAM recruitment, but so do specific chemokines generated by tumors. Examples include C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), CCL5, CCL20, CXCL4, and CXCL12. These ligands are linked to several cancers, including bladder, colon, and breast cancer and NSCLC [105,106].