GPC3 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Though GPC3 undoubtedly acts as an oncogene in HCC, Filmus J’s team has elucidated that soluble GPC3, achieved by expressing the GPC3ΔGPI mutant, significantly inhibited the proliferation of various HCC cell lines by the extensive blockade of multiple signaling pathways, including the canonical Wnt pathway and some growth factors [117].