However, we found that the TGF-β signaling pathway correlated positively with macrophages in the recur group, but negatively in the non-recur group, which might be related to the function of the TGF-β signaling pathway in promoting polarization of macrophages to the M2 phenotype, thereby creating an immunosuppressive environment and enhancing tumor progression. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and neoplasm.