AKT1 and osteoporosis: According to relevant studies, the pathogenic factors of osteoporosis include age, hormonal fluctuations, unbalanced nutritional intake, lifestyle and the use of certain medications (11), and the occurrence and development of osteoporosis involves multiple pathways, including the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway, the Wnt signalling pathway and the Notch signalling pathway (12, 13).