ITGAM and hydrops fetalis: Monocytes, integral components of innate immunity, differentiate into macrophages.[44] Among these, M1-type macrophages secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, rapidly phagocytose pathogens, and mediate tissue damage, promoting immune-inflammatory responses.[45] Conversely, M2-type macrophages primarily exhibit anti-inflammatory roles, contributing to myocardial tissue recovery.[46] Our study pinpointed SSC-A on CD14+ monocyte and CD11b on CD14+ monocyte as potential treatment targets for HF.