CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Results of previous studies revealed that lncRNAs may regulate cellular functions via regulation of the miRNA/mRNA axis.8–10 For example, cancer-associated fibroblast-derived OIP5-AS1 promoted immune invasion in NSCLC via regulation of the miR-142-5p/PD-L1 axis.36 In addition, lncRNA HOST2 enhanced the chemoresistance of NSCLC cells via binding to the miR-621/SYF2 axis.37 Collectively, these findings suggested that lncRNAs may sponge miRNAs to upregulate the expression of oncogenes, functioning as ceRNA.