Notable examples include TFAP2A, which is associated with developmental abnormalities and potentially human aging (Schorle et al., 1996); HOXB7, which is linked to extended lifespan (Venkataraman and Futerman, 2002); PAPPA, whose deletion in mice resulted in a significant 30%–40% increase in lifespan (Conover and Bale, 2007); TP73, whose dysregulation increases susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases (Wilhelm et al., 2010).The C1QA gene promotes aging by activating the Wnt signaling pathway, with elevated expression in the brains of aging mice and humans (Naito et al., 2012). Here, PAPPA is linked to neurodegenerative disease.