For example, Leuconostoc mesenteroides probiotics downregulate miR-21 and miR-200b, leading to apoptosis in colon cancer cell lines by upregulating MAPK1, Bax, and caspase-3 and downregulating AKT, NF-κB, and Bcl-XL 64. The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is malignant colon neoplasm.