TNFSF4 and atopic eczema: In patients with atopic dermatitis, OX40 is highly expressed in damaged skin and is associated with antigen-specific T cells (Cavanagh and Hussell 2008), and the OX40L-OX40 axis plays a role in the sustained activation and expansion of effector T cells and effector memory T cells, which can have lasting effects on immune function (Furue and Furue 2021).